IR-T3.annotated_task_level_noun_phrases.json

{"WannaCry":{"judgment":"E","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...The NAO credits the widely reported work of cyber-security researcher Marcus Hutchins, who accidentally helped to stop the spread of WannaCry....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...The WannaCry cyber-attack that hit a third of hospital trusts was blamed on North Korean hackers..."},"ransomware attacks":{"judgment":"P","sentences":"...Microsoft, McAfee and other tech companies, security firms and non-profits have formed a new group, called the \u2018Ransomware Task Force\u2019 (RTF) to tackle ransomware attacks....\n...Most (70%) ransomware attacks now include data exfiltration...."},"many cases":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...Organisations could also have better managed their computers' firewalls - but in many cases they did not, it said....\n...But the complaint on Thursday described a team of hackers for North Korea's main intelligence agency, in many cases operating out of China and other Asian nations, who crippled Britain's healthcare system in last year's WannaCry attack and stole US$81 million (S$111 million) from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error - before turning to vulnerable institutions from Vietnam to South Africa...."},"a third":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...The WannaCry cyber-attack that hit a third of hospital trusts was blamed on North Korean hackers...\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office (NAO)....\n...the WannaCry ransomware disrupted More than a third of trusts in England ...."},"the NHS":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...The NAO chief said the Department of Health and the NHS must now \"get their act together\"....\n...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...Speaking on the same programme, former chairman of NHS Digital, Kingsley Manning, said that a failure to upgrade old computer systems at a local level within the NHS had contributed to the rapid spread of the malware....\n...In one way, the NHS was lucky - if, instead of a Friday in May, the attack had taken place on a Monday in winter, with a week's appointments affected, the damage would have been far worse....\n...WannaCry, which spread to more than 150 countries in a worldwide ransomware outbreak beginning on 12 May, was the biggest cyber-attack to have hit the NHS to date...."},"May":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...\"Before 12 May 2017, the department had no formal mechanism for assessing whether NHS organisations had complied with its advice and guidance.\"...\n...In one way, the NHS was lucky - if, instead of a Friday in May, the attack had taken place on a Monday in winter, with a week's appointments affected, the damage would have been far worse....\n...WannaCry, which spread to more than 150 countries in a worldwide ransomware outbreak beginning on 12 May, was the biggest cyber-attack to have hit the NHS to date....\n...May 15, 2017....\n...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said ..."},"data":{"judgment":"G","sentences":"...In 2014, U.S. officials said unnamed North Korean hackers were responsible for a major cyber intrusion into Sony, which resulted in leaked internal documents and data being destroyed....\n...File a cybersecurity insurance claim: Usually, insurance carriers employ a data broker who is experienced at handling ransomware incidents....\n...Focus on raising security awareness in your organization: Humans are the weakest link \u2014 88% of all data breaches result from human error....\n...The attackers will then carry out an extensive reconnaissance of the network and identify potential data targets....\n...Focus on better patching: Poor patch management has been attributed to 57% of data breaches...."},"the attack":{"judgment":"E","sentences":"...The FBI said at the time it had recovered evidence connecting North Korea to the attack and others in South Korea....\n...In one way, the NHS was lucky - if, instead of a Friday in May, the attack had taken place on a Monday in winter, with a week's appointments affected, the damage would have been far worse....\n...At least 6,900 NHS appointments were cancelled as a result of the attack....\n...An assessment of 88 out of 236 trusts by NHS Digital before the attack found that none passed the required cyber-security standards....\n...Home Office Minister Ben Wallace told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that the government was \"as sure as possible\" that North Korea was behind the attack...."},"WASHINGTON":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...WASHINGTON \u2022...\n...WASHINGTON (Reuters) -..."},"North Korean hackers":{"judgment":"E","sentences":"...In 2014, U.S. officials said unnamed North Korean hackers were responsible for a major cyber intrusion into Sony, which resulted in leaked internal documents and data being destroyed....\n...The charges, part of a strategy by the U.S. government to deter future cyber attacks by naming and shaming the alleged perpetrators, will also allege that the North Korean hackers broke into the central bank of Bangladesh in 2016, according to the official....\n...The WannaCry cyber-attack that hit a third of hospital trusts was blamed on North Korean hackers...\n...The U.S. Justice Department is poised to charge North Korean hackers over the 2017 global WannaCry ransomware attack and the 2014 cyber attack on Sony Corp, a U.S. official told Reuters on Thursday....\n...The U.S. Justice Department charge North Korean hackers ...."},"England":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office (NAO)....\n...NHS England said no patient data had been compromised or stolen and praised the staff response....\n...NHS England has identified 6,912 appointments - including operations - that were cancelled as a direct result of the ransomware...."},"a spelling error":{"judgment":"F","sentences":"...But the complaint on Thursday described a team of hackers for North Korea's main intelligence agency, in many cases operating out of China and other Asian nations, who crippled Britain's healthcare system in last year's WannaCry attack and stole US$81 million (S$111 million) from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error - before turning to vulnerable institutions from Vietnam to South Africa....\n...S$111 million  from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error..."},"cost taxpayers":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were  done in a click  but take  months or years to investigate and prosecute...\n...The criticism came as Gould disclosed that an extra £21m over two years will fund\u2026 cost taxpayers ...."},"hundreds of millions":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...Many different ransomware strains \u2014 some malware disguised as ransomware \u2014 caused hundreds of millions of dollars in damages and hit almost 100 countries....\n...North Korea engaged in a years-long effort to hack into American companies and steal from financial institutions around the globe, the US Justice Department has charged in a 174-page criminal complaint that detailed how hackers caused hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of damage to the world economy....\n...\"The North Korean government, through a state-sponsored group, robbed a central bank and citizens of other nations, retaliated against free speech in order to chill it half a world away, and created disruptive malware that indiscriminately affected victims in more than 150 other countries, causing hundreds of millions, if not billions, of dollars' worth of damage,\" said Mr John Demers, the head of the Justice Department's National Security Division...."},"The U S  Justice Department":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...The U S  Justice Department is poised to charge North Korean hackers over the 2017 global WannaCry ransomware attack..."},"North Korea":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...North Korea seemed primarily motivated by its continuing need for cash, as other countries have refused to do business with Pyongyang, and a desire to control American corporate behaviour through fear....\n...The complaint described only one side of the cyber conflict between North Korea and the US....\n...In 2014, U.S. officials said unnamed North Korean hackers were responsible for a major cyber intrusion into Sony, which resulted in leaked internal documents and data being destroyed....\n...The FBI said at the time it had recovered evidence connecting North Korea to the attack and others in South Korea....\n...North Korea broke into the systems of Sony Pictures Entertainment in late 2014 in retaliation for the company's production of a comedic film, The Interview, that mocked Mr Kim and depicted a plot to assassinate him...."},"a ransomware attack":{"judgment":"P","sentences":"...Criminal gangs like REvil are spreading the technology by selling ransomware-as-a-service kits to ordinary criminals who may not have the technical skills to execute a ransomware attack....\n...Owing to a ransomware attack on a hospital, a German woman reportedly lost her life....\n...The task force will assess technical solutions at varying levels of ransomware chain to provide protections during a ransomware attack...."},"operations":{"judgment":"F","sentences":"...They can handle negotiations and can also help restore operations....\n...NHS England has identified 6,912 appointments - including operations - that were cancelled as a direct result of the ransomware...."},"attacks":{"judgment":"G","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...It made no mention of the US-led attacks on North Korea's missile programme, ordered by president Barack Obama months before the Sony attack....\n...The attacks came after Pyongyang sent a letter to the United Nations, demanding that Sony not move forward with a movie comedy that portrayed the U.S.-backed assassination of a character made to look like North Korean leader Kim Jong Un....\n...Cyber attacks have not been a topic of the recent negotiations with North Korea....\n...The charges, part of a strategy by the U.S. government to deter future cyber attacks by naming and shaming the alleged perpetrators, will also allege that the North Korean hackers broke into the central bank of Bangladesh in 2016, according to the official...."},"a major ransomware attack":{"judgment":"P","sentences":"...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said ...\n...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said...."},"a government report":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said ...\n...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said...."},"hackers":{"judgment":"G","sentences":"...In 2014, U.S. officials said unnamed North Korean hackers were responsible for a major cyber intrusion into Sony, which resulted in leaked internal documents and data being destroyed....\n...The charges, part of a strategy by the U.S. government to deter future cyber attacks by naming and shaming the alleged perpetrators, will also allege that the North Korean hackers broke into the central bank of Bangladesh in 2016, according to the official....\n...When the Cryptolocker ransomware emerged around Q3 2013, hackers started demanding victims make payments in bitcoin, a cryptocurrency that\u2019s virtually untraceable (yet verifiable and non-fungible), thus making it difficult for authorities to pin down criminals....\n...North Korea engaged in a years-long effort to hack into American companies and steal from financial institutions around the globe, the US Justice Department has charged in a 174-page criminal complaint that detailed how hackers caused hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of damage to the world economy....\n...The WannaCry cyber-attack that hit a third of hospital trusts was blamed on North Korean hackers..."},"The former counterterrorism officer":{"judgment":"G","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were  done in a click  but take  months or years to investigate and prosecute..."},"NHS trusts":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...The report said NHS trusts had not acted on critical alerts from NHS Digital and a warning from the Department of Health and the Cabinet Office in 2014 to patch or migrate away from vulnerable older software....\n...To be fair, the Department of Health had developed a plan - it was just that it had not been properly communicated or tested in the NHS trusts....\n...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said ...\n...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said...."},"Pyongyang":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...North Korea seemed primarily motivated by its continuing need for cash, as other countries have refused to do business with Pyongyang, and a desire to control American corporate behaviour through fear....\n...The attacks came after Pyongyang sent a letter to the United Nations, demanding that Sony not move forward with a movie comedy that portrayed the U.S.-backed assassination of a character made to look like North Korean leader Kim Jong Un...."},"victims":{"judgment":"G","sentences":"...When the Cryptolocker ransomware emerged around Q3 2013, hackers started demanding victims make payments in bitcoin, a cryptocurrency that\u2019s virtually untraceable (yet verifiable and non-fungible), thus making it difficult for authorities to pin down criminals....\n...Because most ransomware authors were asking victims to wire funds to bank accounts, authorities could follow the paper trail and often catch the culprit....\n...\"The North Korean government, through a state-sponsored group, robbed a central bank and citizens of other nations, retaliated against free speech in order to chill it half a world away, and created disruptive malware that indiscriminately affected victims in more than 150 other countries, causing hundreds of millions, if not billions, of dollars' worth of damage,\" said Mr John Demers, the head of the Justice Department's National Security Division...."},"you":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...Make sure you stay transparent and include all relevant stakeholders....\n...Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Technology explained: what is ransomware?...\n...Focus on raising security awareness in your organization: Humans are the weakest link \u2014 88% of all data breaches result from human error....\n...\u2022 Execute a practiced incident response plan: If your company gets hit and your employees and customers are exposed, you want the legal (compliance) and media team to assume their crisis management roles....\n...Cyber-security experts will tell you that dealing with attacks like these is mostly a management rather than a technology problem...."},"appointments":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...In one way, the NHS was lucky - if, instead of a Friday in May, the attack had taken place on a Monday in winter, with a week's appointments affected, the damage would have been far worse....\n...how many GP appointments were cancelled...\n...But it estimated that about 19,000 appointments in total may have been affected....\n...At least 6,900 NHS appointments were cancelled as a result of the attack....\n...Getty Images Image caption As a result of disruption caused by WannaCry, patients were turned away from appointments..."},"months":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...It made no mention of the US-led attacks on North Korea's missile programme, ordered by president Barack Obama months before the Sony attack....\n...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were  done in a click  but take  months or years to investigate and prosecute..."},"the Bangladeshi central bank":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...reaped the Bangladeshi central bank ....\n...But the complaint on Thursday described a team of hackers for North Korea's main intelligence agency, in many cases operating out of China and other Asian nations, who crippled Britain's healthcare system in last year's WannaCry attack and stole US$81 million (S$111 million) from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error - before turning to vulnerable institutions from Vietnam to South Africa....\n...S$111 million  from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error...\n...stole the Bangladeshi central bank ...."},"the WannaCry ransom":{"judgment":"P","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...Last year, the WannaCry ransomware attack affected thousands of businesses across the globe through a computer virus that encrypted files on affected systems, including Britain\u2019s National Health Service, where nonfunctional computer systems forced the cancellation of thousands of appointments....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office (NAO)...."},"the WannaCry ransomware":{"judgment":"P","sentences":"...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...Last year, the WannaCry ransomware attack affected thousands of businesses across the globe through a computer virus that encrypted files on affected systems, including Britain\u2019s National Health Service, where nonfunctional computer systems forced the cancellation of thousands of appointments....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office (NAO)....\n...the WannaCry ransomware disrupted More than a third of trusts in England ...."},"a heist":{"judgment":"F","sentences":"...But the complaint on Thursday described a team of hackers for North Korea's main intelligence agency, in many cases operating out of China and other Asian nations, who crippled Britain's healthcare system in last year's WannaCry attack and stole US$81 million (S$111 million) from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error - before turning to vulnerable institutions from Vietnam to South Africa....\n...S$111 million  from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error..."},"the U S":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...the U S..."},"cyber-security recommendations":{"judgment":"E","sentences":"...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said ...\n...NHS trusts were left vulnerable in a major ransomware attack in May because cyber-security recommendations were not followed, a government report has said...."},"Thursday":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...But the complaint on Thursday described a team of hackers for North Korea's main intelligence agency, in many cases operating out of China and other Asian nations, who crippled Britain's healthcare system in last year's WannaCry attack and stole US$81 million (S$111 million) from the Bangladeshi central bank - a heist that would have reaped US$1 billion, save for a spelling error - before turning to vulnerable institutions from Vietnam to South Africa....\n...The U.S. Justice Department is poised to charge North Korean hackers over the 2017 global WannaCry ransomware attack and the 2014 cyber attack on Sony Corp, a U.S. official told Reuters on Thursday...."},"Scotland Yard":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were \u201Cdone in a click\u201D but take \u201Cmonths or years to investigate and prosecute\u201D....\n...The former counterterrorism officer at Scotland Yard said attacks such as the WannaCry ransom, which crippled the NHS in 2017 and cost taxpayers £92m, were  done in a click  but take  months or years to investigate and prosecute..."},"trusts":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...The report said NHS trusts had not acted on critical alerts from NHS Digital and a warning from the Department of Health and the Cabinet Office in 2014 to patch or migrate away from vulnerable older software....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...The WannaCry cyber-attack that hit a third of hospital trusts was blamed on North Korean hackers...\n...An assessment of 88 out of 236 trusts by NHS Digital before the attack found that none passed the required cyber-security standards...."},"the globe":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...North Korea engaged in a years-long effort to hack into American companies and steal from financial institutions around the globe, the US Justice Department has charged in a 174-page criminal complaint that detailed how hackers caused hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of damage to the world economy....\n...Last year, the WannaCry ransomware attack affected thousands of businesses across the globe through a computer virus that encrypted files on affected systems, including Britain\u2019s National Health Service, where nonfunctional computer systems forced the cancellation of thousands of appointments...."},"the National Audit Office":{"judgment":"F","sentences":"...the National Audit Office according ....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office (NAO)...."},"the world economy":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...North Korea engaged in a years-long effort to hack into American companies and steal from financial institutions around the globe, the US Justice Department has charged in a 174-page criminal complaint that detailed how hackers caused hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of damage to the world economy....\n...From an economic standpoint, in 2020, ransomware commanded an 81% share of cyberattacks launched for financial gain and cost the world economy an estimated $20 billion....\n...cost the world economy ...."},"NAO":{"judgment":"F","sentences":"...The NAO chief said the Department of Health and the NHS must now \"get their act together\"....\n...The NAO credits the widely reported work of cyber-security researcher Marcus Hutchins, who accidentally helped to stop the spread of WannaCry....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office  NAO...\n...The NAO report said there was no evidence that any NHS organisation paid the ransom - but the financial cost of the incident remained unknown....\n...More than a third of trusts in England were disrupted by the WannaCry ransomware, according to the National Audit Office (NAO)...."},"the U S  government":{"judgment":"B","sentences":"...the U S  government..."},"ransomware":{"judgment":"P","sentences":"...There isn\u2019t a quick fix, shortcut or one-size-fits-all solution for combating ransomware....\n...Many different ransomware strains \u2014 some malware disguised as ransomware \u2014 caused hundreds of millions of dollars in damages and hit almost 100 countries....\n...the WannaCry ransomware ransomware More than a third of trusts in England ....\n...File a cybersecurity insurance claim: Usually, insurance carriers employ a data broker who is experienced at handling ransomware incidents....\n...Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Technology explained: what is ransomware?..."}}