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ttn-letterbox-userauth.pm
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#!/bin/perl -w -T
#
# TheThingsNetwork HTTP letter box user authentication extension
#
# (P) & (C) 2019-2024 Dr. Peter Bieringer <[email protected]>
#
# License: GPLv3
#
# Authors: Dr. Peter Bieringer (bie)
#
# Required configuration:
# - data directory
# datadir=<path>
#
#
# Optional configuration:
# - control debugging
# userauth.debug=1
#
# - enable password change
# userauth.feature.changepw=1 (currently unfinished)
#
#
# Optional CAPTCHA protection for 'login':
# supported external services
# reCAPTCHA : https://www.google.com/recaptcha/admin/create
# hCaptcha : https://dashboard.hcaptcha.com/
# FriendlyCaptcha: https://friendlycaptcha.com/
#
# supported internal implementations
# GD::SecurityImage
#
# - enable captcha
# userauth.captcha.enable=1
#
# - select captcha service
# userauth.captcha.service=(reCAPTCHA-v3|reCAPTCHA-v2|reCAPTCHA-v2-Invisible|hCaptcha|hCaptcha-Invisible|FriendlyCaptcha|GD::SecurityImage)
#
# - captcha service site key (only required for external services)
# userauth.captcha.sitekey=<site key, format depends on service>
#
# - captcha service site key (only required for external service)s
# userauth.captcha.secret=<secret, format depends on service>
#
# - captcha service TrueType font (only optional for internal services)
# userauth.captcha.ttf=<ttf-file> (default: 'Font' attribute in service config -> see below)
#
#
# user file:
# - name: $datadir . "/ttn.users.list"
# - format:
# - htpasswd compatible
# <username>:<hashed password>:<dev_id_list>|*
# - new file with new user using bcrypt
# htpasswd -c -B data/ttn/ttn.users.list <username>
# - additional user using bcrypt
# htpasswd -B data/ttn/ttn.users.list <username2>
# - manually add ACL
# - either comma separated dev_id_list
# - or '*' for matching all dev_id
#
#
# generate:
# - create splitted hash
#
# verify:
# - verify user/password using htpasswd style file
# - set cookie wth encrypted TTN-AUTH-TOKEN
#
# verify token
# - verify contents of encrypted TTN-AUTH-TOKEN
#
# Changelog:
# 20191116/bie: initial version
# 20191117/bie: major rework
# 20191118/bie: honor time token from cookie, store expiry in auth cookie
# 20191119/bie: start implementing password change (still unfinished)
# 20191214/bie: add transation "de"
# 20220218/bie: remove support of debug option by environment, align debug options
# 20220418/bie: add CAPTCHA support with external services (Google, hCaptcha, FriendlyCaptcha)
# 20220422/bie: add CAPTCHA support with internal GD::SecurityImage, replace hardcoded module requirement to per CAPTCHA service
# 20220424/bie: cosmetics/minor improvements/alignments
# 20241130/bie: define CAPTCHA validation timeout to 20 sec (default 180, which is not matching Apache Timeout default of 60)
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::UUID;
use URI::Encode qw(uri_encode uri_decode);
use Digest::SHA qw (sha512_base64 sha512);
use Apache::Htpasswd;
use JSON;
use Crypt::Eksblowfish::Bcrypt qw(bcrypt bcrypt_hash en_base64 de_base64);
use Crypt::CBC;
use utf8;
use Module::Load;
use Module::Load::Conditional;
## globals
our %hooks;
our %config;
our %querystring;
our $conffile;
our $datadir;
our %translations;
our $language;
our $mobile;
# local data
my $session_token_split = 40;
my $session_token_lifetime = 300; # seconds
my $auth_token_lifetime = 86400 * 365; # seconds (1y)
my $auth_token_limit_changepw = 300; # seconds (5 min)
my %cookie_data;
my %post_data;
my %user_data;
# list of configured users
my $userfile;
## prototyping
sub userauth_init();
sub userauth_check();
sub userauth_verify_token();
sub userauth_generate();
sub userauth_verify($);
sub userauth_show();
sub userauth_check_acl($);
## hooks
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'init'} = \&userauth_init;
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'auth_verify_token'} = \&userauth_verify_token;
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'auth_verify'} = \&userauth_verify;
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'auth_check'} = \&userauth_check;
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'auth_generate'} = \&userauth_generate;
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'auth_show'} = \&userauth_show;
$hooks{'userauth'}->{'auth_check_acl'} = \&userauth_check_acl;
## translations
$translations{'Login failed'}->{'de'} = "Anmeldung nicht erfolgreich";
$translations{'username empty'}->{'de'} = "Benutzername nicht angegeben";
$translations{'password empty'}->{'de'} = "Passwort nicht angegeben";
$translations{'authenticated as user'}->{'de'} = "authentifiziert als Benutzer";
$translations{'permitted for devices'}->{'de'} = "erlaubt für Geräte";
$translations{'authentication cookie expires in days'}->{'de'} = "Authentifizierungs-Cookie noch gültig für Tage";
$translations{'Logout'}->{'de'} = "Abmelden";
$translations{'Login'}->{'de'} = "Anmelden";
$translations{'Authentication required'}->{'de'} = "Authentifizierung notwendig";
$translations{'Username'}->{'de'} = "Benutzername";
$translations{'Password'}->{'de'} = "Passwort";
$translations{'Authentication problem'}->{'de'} = "Authentifizierungs-Problem";
$translations{'Login successful'}->{'de'} = "Anmeldung erfolgreich";
$translations{'Logout successful'}->{'de'} = "Abmeldung erfolgreich";
$translations{'Logout already done'}->{'de'} = "Abmeldung bereits erfolgt";
$translations{'username/password not accepted'}->{'de'} = "Benutzername/Passwort nicht akzeptiert";
$translations{'will be redirected back'}->{'de'} = "wird nun zurückgeleitet";
$translations{'CAPTCHA problem'}->{'de'} = "CAPTCHA Problem";
$translations{'session problem'}->{'de'} = "Sitzungsproblem";
## CAPTCHA service definitions, selected by 'userauth.captcha.service'
my %captcha = (
'reCAPTCHA-v3' => {
# https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/v3
'ScriptURL' => 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=<LANG>',
'WidgetCode' => 'class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="<SITEKEY>" data-badge="inline" data-callback="onSubmit" data-action="submit"',
'VerifyURL' => 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify',
'VerifyPOST' => {'secret' => '<SECRET>', 'response' => '<RESPONSE>', 'remoteip' => '<REMOTEIP>'},
'ResponseField' => 'g-recaptcha-response',
'Invisible' => '1',
'External' => '1',
'Modules' => [ 'LWP::UserAgent', 'LWP::Protocol::https' ],
'ScriptCode' => 'function onSubmit(token) { document.getElementById("submitForm").submit(); };'
},
'reCAPTCHA-v2-Invisible' => {
# https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/invisible
'ScriptURL' => 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=<LANG>',
'WidgetCode' => 'class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="<SITEKEY>" data-size="invisible" data-badge="inline" data-callback="onSubmit"',
'VerifyURL' => 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify',
'VerifyPOST' => {'secret' => '<SECRET>', 'response' => '<RESPONSE>', 'remoteip' => '<REMOTEIP>'},
'ResponseField' => 'g-recaptcha-response',
'Invisible' => '1',
'External' => '1',
'Modules' => [ 'LWP::UserAgent', 'LWP::Protocol::https' ],
'ScriptCode' => 'function onSubmit(token) { document.getElementById("submitForm").submit(); };'
},
'reCAPTCHA-v2' => {
# https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/display
'ScriptURL' => 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=<LANG>',
'WidgetCode' => 'class="g-recaptcha" data-sitekey="<SITEKEY>" data-callback="enableSubmitBtn"',
'VerifyURL' => 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify',
'VerifyPOST' => {'secret' => '<SECRET>', 'response' => '<RESPONSE>', 'remoteip' => '<REMOTEIP>'},
'ResponseField' => 'g-recaptcha-response',
'Invisible' => '0',
'External' => '1',
'Modules' => [ 'LWP::UserAgent', 'LWP::Protocol::https' ],
'ScriptCode' => 'function enableSubmitBtn() { document.getElementById("submitBtn").disabled = false; };'
},
'hCaptcha-Invisible' => {
# https://docs.hcaptcha.com/invisible
'ScriptURL' => 'https://js.hcaptcha.com/1/api.js?hl=<LANG>',
'WidgetCode' => 'class="h-captcha" data-sitekey="<SITEKEY>" data-size="invisible" data-callback="onSubmit"',
'VerifyURL' => 'https://hcaptcha.com/siteverify',
'VerifyPOST' => {'secret' => '<SECRET>', 'response' => '<RESPONSE>', 'sitekey' => '<SITEKEY>', 'remoteip' => '<REMOTEIP>'},
'ResponseField' => 'h-captcha-response',
'Invisible' => 'This site is protected by hCaptcha and its<br /> <a target="_blank" href="https://hcaptcha.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a> and <a target="_blank" href="https://hcaptcha.com/terms">Terms of Service</a> apply.',
'External' => '1',
'Modules' => [ 'LWP::UserAgent', 'LWP::Protocol::https' ],
'ScriptCode' => 'function onSubmit(token) { document.getElementById("submitForm").submit(); };'
},
'hCaptcha' => {
# https://docs.hcaptcha.com/
'ScriptURL' => 'https://js.hcaptcha.com/1/api.js?hl=<LANG>',
'WidgetCode' => 'class="h-captcha" data-sitekey="<SITEKEY>" data-callback="enableSubmitBtn"',
'VerifyURL' => 'https://hcaptcha.com/siteverify',
'VerifyPOST' => {'secret' => '<SECRET>', 'response' => '<RESPONSE>', 'sitekey' => '<SITEKEY>', 'remoteip' => '<REMOTEIP>'},
'ResponseField' => 'h-captcha-response',
'Invisible' => '0',
'External' => '1',
'Modules' => [ 'LWP::UserAgent', 'LWP::Protocol::https' ],
'ScriptCode' => 'function enableSubmitBtn() { document.getElementById("submitBtn").disabled = false; };'
},
'FriendlyCaptcha' => {
# https://docs.friendlycaptcha.com/
'ScriptURL' => 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/widget.min.js',
'WidgetCode' => 'class="frc-captcha" data-sitekey="<SITEKEY>" data-lang="<LANG>" data-start="none" data-callback="enableSubmitBtn"',
'VerifyURL' => 'https://api.friendlycaptcha.com/api/v1/siteverify',
'VerifyPOST' => {'secret' => '<SECRET>', 'solution' => '<RESPONSE>', 'sitekey' => '<SITEKEY>'},
'ResponseField' => 'frc-captcha-solution',
'Invisible' => '0',
'External' => '1',
'Modules' => [ 'LWP::UserAgent', 'LWP::Protocol::https' ],
'ScriptCode' => 'function enableSubmitBtn() { document.getElementById("submitBtn").disabled = false; };'
},
'GD::SecurityImage' => {
# GD::SecurityImage
'Modules' => [ 'GD::SecurityImage' ],
'ResponseField' => 'internal-captcha-response',
'Invisible' => '0',
'External' => '0',
'Font' => '/usr/share/fonts/open-sans/OpenSans-Regular.ttf',
}
);
# captcha support status
my $captcha_supported = 0;
my $captcha_check_result = 'UNKNOWN';
##############
## CAPTCHA functions
##############
## replace tokens in given string
# in:
# arg#1: string with tokens
# arg#2: CAPTCHA response (optional)
# out: string with replaced tokens
sub captcha_string_token_replace($;$) {
my $string = $_[0];
my $response = $_[1]; # optional
$string =~ s/<SITEKEY>/$config{'userauth.captcha.sitekey'}/g;
$string =~ s/<SECRET>/$config{'userauth.captcha.secret'}/g;
$string =~ s/<LANG>/$language/g;
$string =~ s/<REMOTEIP>/$ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}/g;
$string =~ s/<RESPONSE>/$_[1]/g if (defined $_[1]);
return $string;
};
##############
## check CAPTCHA
##############
# exit in case of error occurs with error message/log entry
# silent return in case of server/request issue
sub userauth_check_captcha($$) {
logging("userauth_check_captcha") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $cookie = $_[0];
my $cookie_data_h = $_[1];
return "NOT-REQUIRED" unless ($post_data{'action'} eq "login");
return "NOT-ENABLED" unless ($captcha_supported == 1);
# check whether captcha response is contained in POST data
if (! defined $post_data{$captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ResponseField'}}) {
# POST data is missing response field content
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha response missing in POST data: " . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ResponseField'}, undef, 1, 1);
exit 0;
};
my $response_content = uri_decode($post_data{$captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ResponseField'}});
if ($response_content eq "") {
# POST data response field content is empty
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha response empty in POST data field: " . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ResponseField'}, $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# verify captcha response, only returns if successful
logging("userauth_check_captcha: verification response=" . $response_content) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
if ($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'External'} eq "1") {
userauth_check_captcha_external($cookie, $cookie_data_h, $response_content);
} else {
userauth_check_captcha_internal($cookie, $cookie_data_h, $response_content);
};
logging("user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha: verification successful: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
return "OK";
};
##############
## check CAPTCHA external
##############
# verification via external service
sub userauth_check_captcha_external($$$) {
my $cookie = $_[0];
my $cookie_data_h = $_[1];
my $response_content = $_[2];
my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new(timeout => 20);
my $url = $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'VerifyURL'};
my $req = HTTP::Request->new(POST => $url);
my %form;
for my $field (keys %{$captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'VerifyPOST'}}) {
# compose form depending of captcha service
$form{$field} = captcha_string_token_replace($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'VerifyPOST'}->{$field}, $response_content);
logging("user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha verification form entry: $field=" . $form{$field}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
};
my $res = $ua->post($url, \%form);
if ($res->is_server_error) {
# silent skip CAPTCHA check in case of server issue
logging("user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha: verification request skipped for: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . " (status_line='" . $res->status_line . "')");
return "SERVER-ERROR";
};
if (! $res->is_success) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha verification request not sucessful: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . " (content='" . $res->status_line . "')", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
my $content = eval{ decode_json($res->decoded_content()) };
if ($@) {
my $content_log = $res->decoded_content(); $content_log =~ s/\n//og; # join multiline content
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "'captcha verification response is not JSON: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . " (content='" . $content_log . "')", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($content->{'success'} !~ /^(1|true)$/o) {
for my $entry (keys %$content) {
logging("user CAPTCHA verification JSON response: $entry=" . $content->{$entry}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
};
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha verification not successful: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . " (content='" . $res->decoded_content() . "')", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
};
##############
## check CAPTCHA internal
##############
sub userauth_check_captcha_internal($$$) {
my $cookie = $_[0];
my $cookie_data_h = $_[1];
my $response_content = $_[2];
if (! defined $cookie_data_h->{'captcha_hash'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "cookie data missing: captcha_hash", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($cookie_data{'captcha_hash'} !~ /^[0-9A-Za-z=%\/\+]+$/) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "cookie data length/format mismatch: captcha_hash", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
my $hash = sha512_base64("secret=" . $config{'uuid'} . ":time=" . $cookie_data_h->{'time'} . ":random=" . $response_content);
if ($hash ne $cookie_data_h->{'captcha_hash'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("CAPTCHA problem") . ")</font>", "", "user '" . $post_data{'username'} . "' captcha verification not successful: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'}, $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
};
##############
## init CAPTCHA service "External"
##############
sub init_captcha_service_external() {
# 'ScriptURL' defined?
if (! defined $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ScriptURL'}) {
return 0;
};
# ScriptURL' https?
if ($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ScriptURL'} !~ /^https:\/\//o) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service '" . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . "' enabled, but unsupported 'ScriptURL' found (FIX CODE): " . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ScriptURL'});
return 0;
};
# 'sitekey' configured?
if (!(defined $config{'userauth.captcha.sitekey'} && length($config{'userauth.captcha.sitekey'}) > 0)) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service '" . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . "' enabled but 'sitekey' missing/empty in config: userauth.captcha.sitekey");
return 0;
};
# 'secret' configured?
if (!(defined $config{'userauth.captcha.secret'} && length($config{'userauth.captcha.secret'}) > 0)) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service '" . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . "' enabled but 'secret' missing/empty in config: userauth.captcha.secret");
return 0;
};
return 1;
};
##############
## init CAPTCHA service "Internal"
##############
sub init_captcha_service_internal() {
# check for font
if (defined $config{'userauth.captcha.ttf'} && length($config{'userauth.captcha.ttf'}) > 0) {
if (! -e $config{'userauth.captcha.ttf'}) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service '" . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . "' enabled, but configured font not found: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.ttffont'});
return 0;
};
$captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Font'} = $config{'userauth.captcha.ttf'};
};
if (! -e $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Font'}) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service '" . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . "' enabled, but required font (default) not found: " . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Font'});
return 0;
};
return 1;
};
##############
## initialization
##############
sub userauth_init() {
if (defined $config{'userauth.debug'} && $config{'userauth.debug'} eq "0") {
undef $config{'userauth.debug'};
};
$userfile = $datadir . "/ttn.users.list";
# CAPTCHA service / check for requirements
if (defined $config{'userauth.captcha.enable'} && $config{'userauth.captcha.enable'} eq "1") {
# enabled
if (defined $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} && length($config{'userauth.captcha.service'}) > 0) {
# service defined
if (defined $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'External'}) {
if ($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'External'} eq "1") {
$captcha_supported = init_captcha_service_external();
} else {
$captcha_supported = init_captcha_service_internal();
};
} else {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service enabled but 'External' attribute missing (FIX-CODE): " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'});
};
};
if ($captcha_supported == 1) {
# check for required modules
if (defined $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Modules'}) {
foreach my $module (@{$captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Modules'}}) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service check required module: " . $module) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $result = Module::Load::Conditional::check_install(module => $module);
if (! defined $result) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service not enabled, module load problem: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . " (" . $module . ")");
$captcha_supported = 0;
} else {
Module::Load::load($module);
};
};
};
};
if ($captcha_supported == 1) {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service enabled: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
} else {
logging("userauth/init: captcha service not enabled: " . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'});
};
};
logging("userauth/init: called") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
};
##############
## check authentication
##############
sub userauth_check() {
logging("userauth_check") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
# check cookie
if (defined $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'}) {
logging("HTTP_COOKIE: " . uri_decode($ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'})) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $line = $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'};
if ($line =~ /^TTN-AUTH-TOKEN=(.+)/o) {
parse_querystring(uri_decode($1), \%cookie_data);
if (defined $cookie_data{'enc'}) {
# encrypted token
userauth_verify_token();
};
};
};
if (! defined $user_data{'username'} && (! defined $post_data{'action'} || $post_data{'action'} ne "login")) {
userauth_generate();
};
};
## INTERNAL CAPTCHA creation
sub captcha_internal_create($$) {
my $time = $_[0];
my $service = $_[1];
my ($image_data, $mime_type, $random_string);
if ($service eq "GD::SecurityImage") {
# GD::SecurityImage: inspired by CGI::Application::Plugin::CAPTCHA
GD::SecurityImage->import;
my $image = GD::SecurityImage->new(
width => 230,
height => 60,
ptsize => 18,
lines => 5,
font => $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Font'},
bgcolor => "#FFFF00",
frame => 0,
angle => 0,
scramble => 1,
send_ctobg => 1,
rnd_data => [ '2', '3', '4', '8', '9', 'A', 'C', 'E', 'F', 'H', 'K', 'M', 'N', 'T', 'V', 'W', 'Z' ]
);
$image->random();
$image->create(
'ttf' => 'default',
'undef',
);
$image->particle(2500);
($image_data, $mime_type, $random_string) = $image->out;
};
my $hash = sha512_base64("secret=" . $config{'uuid'} . ":time=" . $time . ":random=" . $random_string);
return (
'imagedata' => "data:image/" . $mime_type . ";base64," . encode_base64($image_data, ""),
'hash' => $hash
);
};
##############
## generate authentication
##############
sub userauth_generate() {
logging("userauth_generate") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $ug = new Data::UUID;
my $uuid;
if (! defined $config{'uuid'}) {
$uuid = $ug->create();
logging("config is not containing an uuid, store generated one to config file " . $conffile ." : uuid=" . $ug->to_string($uuid));
# write uuid to config
open CONFF, '>>', $conffile or die;
print CONFF "\n# autogenerated UUID at " . strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z", localtime(time)) . "\n";
print CONFF "uuid=" . $ug->to_string($uuid) . "\n";
close CONFF;
} else {
$uuid = $ug->from_string($config{'uuid'});
};
# cookie value
my @cookie_values;
# generate session token
my $time = time;
my $rand = rand();
my $session_token = sha512_base64("uuid=" . $ug->to_string($uuid) . ":time=" . $time . ":random=" . $rand);
logging("session generation uuid=" . $ug->to_string($uuid) . " time=" . $time . " rand=" . $rand) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
# split
my $session_token_form = substr($session_token, 0, $session_token_split);
my $session_token_cookie = substr($session_token, $session_token_split);
if (! defined $ENV{'HTTPS'} || $ENV{'HTTPS'} ne "on") {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">Authentication required but not called via HTTPS", "", "HTTPS not enabled");
exit 0;
};
if (! defined $user_data{'username'} || $user_data{'username'} eq "") {
my $response;
$response .= " <b>" . translate("Authentication required") . "</b>\n";
$response .= " <form id=\"submitForm\" method=\"post\" accept-charset=\"utf-8\">\n";
$response .= " <table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n";
$response .= " <tr>\n";
$response .= " <td>" . translate("Username") . ":</td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n <tr>\n" if ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <td><input required id=\"username\" type=\"text\" name=\"username\" style=\"width:200px;height:40px;\"></td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n";
$response .= " <tr>\n";
$response .= " <td>" . translate("Password"). ":</td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n <tr>\n" if ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <td><input required id=\"password\" type=\"password\" name=\"password\" style=\"width:200px;height:40px;\"></td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n";
# CAPTCHA service form extension
if ($captcha_supported == 1 && $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'External'} eq "1") {
$response .= " <tr>\n";
$response .= " <td colspan=\"2\">\n" unless ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <td>\n" if ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <noscript>You need Javascript for CAPTCHA verification to submit this form.</noscript>\n";
$response .= " <script src=\"" . captcha_string_token_replace($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ScriptURL'}) . "\" async defer></script>\n";
if ($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Invisible'} eq "0") {
# visible CAPTCHA
$response .= " <div " . captcha_string_token_replace($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'WidgetCode'}) . "></div>\n";
};
$response .= " </td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n";
$response .= " <tr>\n";
$response .= " <td></td>\n" unless ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <td>\n";
if ($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Invisible'} !~ /^(0|1)$/o) {
# append related HTML message
$response .= " <div><font size=\"-2\">" . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Invisible'} . "</font></div>\n";
};
# button
$response .= " <button";
if ($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'Invisible'} ne "0") {
# invisible CAPTCHA
$response .= " " . captcha_string_token_replace($captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'WidgetCode'});
} else {
$response .= " disabled";
};
$response .= " id=\"submitBtn\" type=\"submit\" style=\"width:100px;height:50px;\">" . translate("Login") . "</button>\n";
$response .= " </td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n";
} else {
if ($captcha_supported == 1 && $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'External'} ne "1") {
## INTERNAL CAPTCHA
$response .= " <tr>\n";
$response .= " <td>\n";
my %captcha_internal = captcha_internal_create($time, $config{'userauth.captcha.service'});
$response .= " <img alt=\"CAPTCHA\" src=\"" . $captcha_internal{'imagedata'} . "\">\n";
$response .= " </td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n <tr>\n" if ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <td><input required id=\"" . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ResponseField'} . "\" type=\"text\" name=\"" . $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ResponseField'} . "\" style=\"width:200px;height:40px;\"></td>\n";
push @cookie_values, "captcha_hash=" . $captcha_internal{'hash'};
$response .= " </tr>\n";
};
$response .= " <tr>\n";
$response .= " <td></td>\n" unless ($mobile == 1);
$response .= " <td><input id=\"submitBtn\" type=\"submit\" value=\"" . translate("Login") . "\" style=\"width:100px;height:50px;\"></td>\n";
$response .= " </tr>\n";
};
$response .= " </table>\n";
$response .= " <input type=\"text\" name=\"session_token_form\" value=\"" . $session_token_form . "\" hidden>\n";
$response .= " <input type=\"text\" name=\"rand\" value=\"" . $rand . "\" hidden>\n";
$response .= " <input type=\"text\" name=\"action\" value=\"login\" hidden>\n";
# CAPTCHA service script extension
if ($captcha_supported == 1 && defined $captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ScriptCode'}) {
$response .= qq|
<script>
$captcha{$config{'userauth.captcha.service'}}->{'ScriptCode'}
</script>
|;
};
$response .= " </form>\n";
push @cookie_values, "session_token_cookie=" . $session_token_cookie;
push @cookie_values, "&time=" . $time;
my $cookie = CGI::cookie(-name => 'TTN-AUTH-TOKEN', value => join('&', @cookie_values), -secure => 1, -expires => '+' . $session_token_lifetime . 's', -httponly => 1);
response(200, $response, "", "", $cookie);
exit 0;
};
};
##############
## verify authentication
##############
sub userauth_verify($) {
logging("userauth_verify") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $cookie = CGI::cookie(-name => 'TTN-AUTH-TOKEN', value => "", -secure => 1, -httponly => 1); # default clear cookie
my $cookie_found = 0;
if (! defined $ENV{'CONTENT_TYPE'} || $ENV{'CONTENT_TYPE'} ne "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") {
# not handling
logging("userauth_verify: no form detected, not responsible, skip") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
return;
};
if ($_[0] =~ /^{/o) {
# looks like start of JSON, not handling
logging("userauth_verify: JSON content detected, not responsible, skip") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
return;
};
# parse form data (if existing)
parse_querystring($_[0], \%post_data);
if (! defined $post_data{'action'}) {
response(500, "unsupported POST data", "", "missing from form: action");
exit 0;
};
if ($post_data{'action'} !~ /^(login|logout|changepw)$/o) {
response(500, "unsupported POST data", "", "unsupported content from form: action");
exit 0;
};
if (defined $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'}) {
logging("HTTP_COOKIE: " . uri_decode($ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'})) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $line = $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'};
if ($line =~ /^TTN-AUTH-TOKEN=(.+)/o) {
$cookie_found = 1;
parse_querystring(uri_decode($1), \%cookie_data);
};
};
if ($post_data{'action'} eq "logout") {
if (defined $cookie_data{'enc'}) {
# clear auth token
response(200, "<font color=\"orange\">" . translate("Logout successful") . " (" . translate("will be redirected back") . ")</font>", "", "", $cookie, 1);
} else {
# auth token already cleared
response(200, "<font color=\"orange\">" . translate("Logout already done") . " (" . translate("will be redirected back") . ")</font>", "", "", $cookie, 1);
};
exit 0;
};
userauth_check();
if ($post_data{'action'} eq "changepw") {
if (defined $cookie_data{'enc'}) {
response(200, "<font color=\"green\">Authenticated user - change password support will come next</font>", "", "", undef, 1);
} else {
# auth token already cleared
response(401, "<font color=\"orange\">Not authenticated (will be redirected back)</font>", "", "", $cookie, 1);
};
exit 0;
};
## Login procedure
my $ug = new Data::UUID;
if (! defined $config{'uuid'}) {
response(500, "<font color=\"red\">Major configuration problem (investigate error log)</font>", "", "no UUID stored in configuration file");
exit 0;
};
my $uuid = $ug->from_string($config{'uuid'});
if ($cookie_found == 0) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "session expired (no cookie)", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# check session token in cookie
if (! defined $cookie_data{'session_token_cookie'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "cookie data missing: session_token_cookie", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($cookie_data{'session_token_cookie'} !~ /^[0-9A-Za-z=%\/\+]+$/) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "cookie data length/format mismatch: session_token_cookie", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# check time token in cookie
if (! defined $cookie_data{'time'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "cookie data missing: time", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($cookie_data{'time'} !~ /^[0-9]{10}$/o) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "cookie data length/format mismatch: time", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# check post data
if (! defined $post_data{'session_token_form'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "form data missing: session_token_form", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($post_data{'session_token_form'} !~ /^[0-9A-Za-z=%\/]+$/o) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "form data length/format mismatch: session_token_form", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if (! defined $post_data{'rand'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "form data missing: rand", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($post_data{'rand'} !~ /^0\.[0-9]+$/o) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("session problem") . ")</font>", "", "form data length/format mismatch: rand", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if (! defined $post_data{'username'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("username empty") . ")</font>", "", "form data missing: username", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($post_data{'username'} !~ /^[0-9A-Za-z]+$/o) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . "</font>", "", "form data length/format mismatch: username", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if (! defined $post_data{'password'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("password empty") . ")</font>", "", "form data missing: password", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($post_data{'password'} !~ /^.+$/o) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . "</font>", "", "form data length/format mismatch: password");
exit 0;
};
# check session token
my $session_token = uri_decode($post_data{'session_token_form'}) . $cookie_data{'session_token_cookie'};
my $session_token_reference = sha512_base64("uuid=" . $ug->to_string($uuid) . ":time=" . $cookie_data{'time'} . ":random=" . $post_data{'rand'});
logging("session verification uuid=" . $ug->to_string($uuid) . " time=" . $cookie_data{'time'} . " rand=" . $post_data{'rand'}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
logging("session verification tokenR=" . $session_token_reference) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
logging("session verification tokenF=" . $session_token) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
if ($session_token ne $session_token_reference) {
$cookie = CGI::cookie(-name => 'TTN-AUTH-TOKEN', value => "", -secure => 1, -httponly => 1);
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . "</font>", "", "session invalid", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($cookie_data{'time'} + $session_token_lifetime < time) {
$cookie = CGI::cookie(-name => 'TTN-AUTH-TOKEN', value => "", -secure => 1, -httponly => 1);
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . "</font>", "", "session expired", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if (! -e $userfile) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . "</font>", "", "no htpasswd user file found: " . $userfile, $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# check CAPTCHA (will exit inside script in case of verification errors)
$captcha_check_result = userauth_check_captcha($cookie, \%cookie_data);
# look for user in file
my $htpasswd = new Apache::Htpasswd({passwdFile => $userfile, ReadOnly => 1});
if (! defined $htpasswd) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . "</font>", "", "problem with htpasswd user file: " . $userfile, $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
my $password_hash = $htpasswd->fetchPass($post_data{'username'});
if (! defined $password_hash || $password_hash eq "0") {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("" . translate("Login failed") . "") . " (" . translate("username/password not accepted") . ")</font>", "", "user not found in file: " . $userfile . " (" . $post_data{'username'} . ")", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
logging("username=" . $post_data{'username'} . " password=" . $htpasswd->fetchPass($post_data{'username'})) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};;
if ($password_hash =~ /^\$2(.)\$([0-9]+)\$([A-Za-z0-9+\/\.]{22})(.*)$/o) {
# bcrypt
my $hash = en_base64(bcrypt_hash({ key_nul => 1, cost => $2, salt => de_base64($3)}, $post_data{'password'}));
if ($hash ne $4) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("username/password not accepted") . ")</font>", "", "password for user not matching (bcrypt): " . $userfile . " (username=" . $post_data{'username'} . " password_result=" . $hash . ")", $cookie, 10);
logging("username=" . $post_data{'username'} . " password=" . $htpasswd->fetchPass($post_data{'username'} . " hash=" . $hash)) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};;
exit 0;
};
} else {
# try MD5/SHA1 via module
my $password_result = $htpasswd->htCheckPassword($post_data{'username'}, $post_data{'password'});
if (! defined $password_result || $password_result eq "0") {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Login failed") . " (" . translate("username/password not accepted") . ")</font>", "", "password for user not matching: " . $userfile . " (username=" . $post_data{'username'} . " password_result=" . $password_result . ")", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
};
# create authentication token
my $cipher = Crypt::CBC->new(-key => sha512($config{'uuid'}), -cipher => 'Rijndael');
my $plaintext = "&time=" . time . "&expiry=" . (time + $auth_token_lifetime) . "&username=" . $post_data{'username'} . "&password_hash=" . $password_hash;
my $ciphertext = $cipher->encrypt($plaintext);
my $auth_token = encode_base64($ciphertext, "");
logging("plaintext:" . $plaintext) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
logging("ciphertext=" . $auth_token) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
# create cookie
$cookie = CGI::cookie(-name => 'TTN-AUTH-TOKEN', value => "ver=1&enc=" . $auth_token, -expires => '+' . $auth_token_lifetime . 's', -secure => 1, -httponly => 1);
$user_data{'userauth'} = $post_data{'username'};
if ($captcha_supported == 1) {
logging("user successfully authenticated (" . $config{'userauth.captcha.service'} . "=" . $captcha_check_result . "): " . $post_data{'username'});
} else {
logging("user successfully authenticated: " . $post_data{'username'});
};
response(200, "<font color=\"green\">" . translate("Login successful") . " (" . translate("will be redirected back") . ")</font>", "", "", $cookie, 1);
exit 0;
};
##############
## verify authentication token
##############
sub userauth_verify_token() {
logging("userauth_verify_token") if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $cookie = CGI::cookie(-name => 'TTN-AUTH-TOKEN', value => "", -secure => 1, -httponly => 1); # default clear cookie
my $ver = $cookie_data{'ver'};
if (! defined $cookie_data{'ver'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (investigate error log)</font>", "", "cookie is missing: ver", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($cookie_data{'ver'} ne "1") {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (investigate error log)</font>", "", "cookie data has unsupported value: ver", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if (! defined $cookie_data{'enc'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (investigate error log)</font>", "", "cookie is missing: enc", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
if ($cookie_data{'enc'} !~ /^[0-9A-Za-z\+\/=]+$/o) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (investigate error log)</font>", "", "cookie data has unsupported value: enc", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# decrypt authentication token
logging("ciphertext=" . $cookie_data{'enc'}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
my $ciphertext = decode_base64(uri_decode($cookie_data{'enc'}));
my $cipher = Crypt::CBC->new(-key => sha512($config{'uuid'}), -cipher => 'Rijndael');
my $plaintext = $cipher->decrypt($ciphertext);
logging("plaintext:" . $plaintext) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
parse_querystring($plaintext, \%user_data);
# look for user in file
my $htpasswd = new Apache::Htpasswd({passwdFile => $userfile, ReadOnly => 1});
if (! defined $htpasswd) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (investigate error log)</font>", "", "problem with htpasswd user file: " . $userfile);
exit 0;
};
for my $token ("username", "password_hash", "time", "expiry") {
if (! defined $user_data{$token}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (investigate error log)</font>", "", "decrypted cookie is missing: " . $token);
exit 0;
};
};
my $password_hash = $htpasswd->fetchPass($user_data{'username'});
if (! defined $password_hash || $password_hash eq "0") {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (username/password not accepted from cookie)</font>", "", "user not found in file: " . $userfile . " (" . $user_data{'username'} . ")", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
logging("from-htpassd-password_hash=" . $password_hash . " from cookie-password_hash=" . $user_data{'password_hash'}) if defined $config{'userauth.debug'};
if ($password_hash ne $user_data{'password_hash'}) {
response(401, "<font color=\"red\">" . translate("Authentication problem") . " (username/password not accepted from cookie)</font>", "", "authentication token invalid", $cookie, 10);
exit 0;
};
# cookie authentication successful fetch optional info
my $info = $htpasswd->fetchInfo($user_data{'username'});
if (defined $info && $info ne "") {
for my $dev_id (split /,/, $info) {
$user_data{'dev_id_acl'}->{$dev_id} = 1;