diff --git a/crates/compiler/parse/src/expr.rs b/crates/compiler/parse/src/expr.rs
index e94eb22d59..cc076385a8 100644
--- a/crates/compiler/parse/src/expr.rs
+++ b/crates/compiler/parse/src/expr.rs
@@ -3589,7 +3589,7 @@ pub fn record_field<'a>() -> impl Parser<'a, RecordField<'a>, ERecord<'a>> {
                         and(
                             and(
                                 byte(b'?', ERecord::QuestionMark),
-                                optional(byte(b'?', ERecord::QuestionMark)),
+                                optional(byte(b'?', ERecord::SecondQuestionMark)),
                             ),
                             spaces_before(specialize_err_ref(ERecord::Expr, loc_expr(true))),
                         ),
diff --git a/crates/compiler/parse/src/normalize.rs b/crates/compiler/parse/src/normalize.rs
index 6ab1abad0e..857adb01ae 100644
--- a/crates/compiler/parse/src/normalize.rs
+++ b/crates/compiler/parse/src/normalize.rs
@@ -1219,6 +1219,7 @@ impl<'a> Normalize<'a> for ERecord<'a> {
             ERecord::UnderscoreField(_pos) => ERecord::Field(Position::zero()),
             ERecord::Colon(_) => ERecord::Colon(Position::zero()),
             ERecord::QuestionMark(_) => ERecord::QuestionMark(Position::zero()),
+            ERecord::SecondQuestionMark(_) => ERecord::SecondQuestionMark(Position::zero()),
             ERecord::Arrow(_) => ERecord::Arrow(Position::zero()),
             ERecord::Ampersand(_) => ERecord::Ampersand(Position::zero()),
             ERecord::Expr(inner_err, _) => {
@@ -1393,6 +1394,9 @@ impl<'a> Normalize<'a> for ETypeAbilityImpl<'a> {
                 ETypeAbilityImpl::Space(*inner_err, Position::zero())
             }
             ETypeAbilityImpl::QuestionMark(_) => ETypeAbilityImpl::QuestionMark(Position::zero()),
+            ETypeAbilityImpl::SecondQuestionMark(_) => {
+                ETypeAbilityImpl::SecondQuestionMark(Position::zero())
+            }
             ETypeAbilityImpl::Ampersand(_) => ETypeAbilityImpl::Ampersand(Position::zero()),
             ETypeAbilityImpl::Expr(inner_err, _) => {
                 ETypeAbilityImpl::Expr(arena.alloc(inner_err.normalize(arena)), Position::zero())
@@ -1471,7 +1475,8 @@ impl<'a> Normalize<'a> for ETypeRecord<'a> {
             ETypeRecord::Open(_) => ETypeRecord::Open(Position::zero()),
             ETypeRecord::Field(_) => ETypeRecord::Field(Position::zero()),
             ETypeRecord::Colon(_) => ETypeRecord::Colon(Position::zero()),
-            ETypeRecord::Optional(_) => ETypeRecord::Optional(Position::zero()),
+            ETypeRecord::OptionalFirst(_) => ETypeRecord::OptionalFirst(Position::zero()),
+            ETypeRecord::OptionalSecond(_) => ETypeRecord::OptionalSecond(Position::zero()),
             ETypeRecord::Type(inner_err, _) => {
                 ETypeRecord::Type(arena.alloc(inner_err.normalize(arena)), Position::zero())
             }
@@ -1491,7 +1496,8 @@ impl<'a> Normalize<'a> for PRecord<'a> {
             PRecord::Open(_) => PRecord::Open(Position::zero()),
             PRecord::Field(_) => PRecord::Field(Position::zero()),
             PRecord::Colon(_) => PRecord::Colon(Position::zero()),
-            PRecord::Optional(_) => PRecord::Optional(Position::zero()),
+            PRecord::OptionalFirst(_) => PRecord::OptionalFirst(Position::zero()),
+            PRecord::OptionalSecond(_) => PRecord::OptionalSecond(Position::zero()),
             PRecord::Pattern(inner_err, _) => {
                 PRecord::Pattern(arena.alloc(inner_err.normalize(arena)), Position::zero())
             }
diff --git a/crates/compiler/parse/src/parser.rs b/crates/compiler/parse/src/parser.rs
index acc9b53b1a..500be5bc84 100644
--- a/crates/compiler/parse/src/parser.rs
+++ b/crates/compiler/parse/src/parser.rs
@@ -683,6 +683,7 @@ pub enum ERecord<'a> {
     UnderscoreField(Position),
     Colon(Position),
     QuestionMark(Position),
+    SecondQuestionMark(Position),
     Arrow(Position),
     Ampersand(Position),
 
@@ -706,6 +707,7 @@ impl<'a> ERecord<'a> {
             | ERecord::UnderscoreField(p)
             | ERecord::Colon(p)
             | ERecord::QuestionMark(p)
+            | ERecord::SecondQuestionMark(p)
             | ERecord::Arrow(p)
             | ERecord::Ampersand(p)
             | ERecord::Space(_, p) => Region::from_pos(*p),
@@ -1107,7 +1109,8 @@ pub enum PRecord<'a> {
 
     Field(Position),
     Colon(Position),
-    Optional(Position),
+    OptionalFirst(Position),
+    OptionalSecond(Position),
 
     Pattern(&'a EPattern<'a>, Position),
     Expr(&'a EExpr<'a>, Position),
@@ -1127,7 +1130,8 @@ impl<'a> PRecord<'a> {
             | PRecord::Open(p)
             | PRecord::Field(p)
             | PRecord::Colon(p)
-            | PRecord::Optional(p)
+            | PRecord::OptionalFirst(p)
+            | PRecord::OptionalSecond(p)
             | PRecord::Space(_, p) => Region::from_pos(*p),
         }
     }
@@ -1244,7 +1248,8 @@ pub enum ETypeRecord<'a> {
 
     Field(Position),
     Colon(Position),
-    Optional(Position),
+    OptionalFirst(Position),
+    OptionalSecond(Position),
     Type(&'a EType<'a>, Position),
 
     Space(BadInputError, Position),
@@ -1266,7 +1271,8 @@ impl<'a> ETypeRecord<'a> {
             | ETypeRecord::Open(p)
             | ETypeRecord::Field(p)
             | ETypeRecord::Colon(p)
-            | ETypeRecord::Optional(p)
+            | ETypeRecord::OptionalFirst(p)
+            | ETypeRecord::OptionalSecond(p)
             | ETypeRecord::Space(_, p)
             | ETypeRecord::IndentOpen(p)
             | ETypeRecord::IndentColon(p)
@@ -1394,6 +1400,7 @@ pub enum ETypeAbilityImpl<'a> {
 
     Prefix(Position),
     QuestionMark(Position),
+    SecondQuestionMark(Position),
     Ampersand(Position),
     Expr(&'a EExpr<'a>, Position),
     IndentBar(Position),
@@ -1416,6 +1423,7 @@ impl<'a> ETypeAbilityImpl<'a> {
             | ETypeAbilityImpl::Space(_, p)
             | ETypeAbilityImpl::Prefix(p)
             | ETypeAbilityImpl::QuestionMark(p)
+            | ETypeAbilityImpl::SecondQuestionMark(p)
             | ETypeAbilityImpl::Ampersand(p)
             | ETypeAbilityImpl::IndentBar(p)
             | ETypeAbilityImpl::IndentAmpersand(p) => Region::from_pos(*p),
@@ -1435,6 +1443,7 @@ impl<'a> From<ERecord<'a>> for ETypeAbilityImpl<'a> {
             ERecord::Space(s, p) => ETypeAbilityImpl::Space(s, p),
             ERecord::Prefix(p) => ETypeAbilityImpl::Prefix(p),
             ERecord::QuestionMark(p) => ETypeAbilityImpl::QuestionMark(p),
+            ERecord::SecondQuestionMark(p) => ETypeAbilityImpl::SecondQuestionMark(p),
             ERecord::Ampersand(p) => ETypeAbilityImpl::Ampersand(p),
             ERecord::Expr(e, p) => ETypeAbilityImpl::Expr(e, p),
         }
diff --git a/crates/compiler/parse/src/pattern.rs b/crates/compiler/parse/src/pattern.rs
index e1f291b4e5..e94ac3cf12 100644
--- a/crates/compiler/parse/src/pattern.rs
+++ b/crates/compiler/parse/src/pattern.rs
@@ -552,8 +552,8 @@ fn record_pattern_field<'a>() -> impl Parser<'a, Loc<Pattern<'a>>, PRecord<'a>>
         let (_, opt_loc_val, state) = optional(either(
             byte(b':', PRecord::Colon),
             and(
-                byte(b'?', PRecord::Optional),
-                optional(byte(b'?', PRecord::Optional)),
+                byte(b'?', PRecord::OptionalFirst),
+                optional(byte(b'?', PRecord::OptionalSecond)),
             ),
         ))
         .parse(arena, state, min_indent)?;
diff --git a/crates/compiler/parse/src/type_annotation.rs b/crates/compiler/parse/src/type_annotation.rs
index 2ac4a6851b..59deeb859d 100644
--- a/crates/compiler/parse/src/type_annotation.rs
+++ b/crates/compiler/parse/src/type_annotation.rs
@@ -589,8 +589,8 @@ fn record_type_field<'a>() -> impl Parser<'a, AssignedField<'a, TypeAnnotation<'
         let (_, opt_loc_val, state) = optional(either(
             byte(b':', ETypeRecord::Colon),
             and(
-                byte(b'?', ETypeRecord::Optional),
-                optional(byte(b'?', ETypeRecord::Optional)),
+                byte(b'?', ETypeRecord::OptionalFirst),
+                optional(byte(b'?', ETypeRecord::OptionalSecond)),
             ),
         ))
         .parse(arena, state, min_indent)?;
diff --git a/crates/reporting/src/error/parse.rs b/crates/reporting/src/error/parse.rs
index 9fc7554fa7..4784ed0f64 100644
--- a/crates/reporting/src/error/parse.rs
+++ b/crates/reporting/src/error/parse.rs
@@ -2449,7 +2449,7 @@ fn to_precord_report<'a>(
         PRecord::Colon(_) => {
             unreachable!("because `foo` is a valid field; the colon is not required")
         }
-        PRecord::Optional(_) => {
+        PRecord::OptionalFirst(_) | PRecord::OptionalSecond(_) => {
             unreachable!("because `foo` is a valid field; the question mark is not required")
         }
 
@@ -2976,7 +2976,7 @@ fn to_trecord_report<'a>(
         ETypeRecord::Colon(_) => {
             unreachable!("because `foo` is a valid field; the colon is not required")
         }
-        ETypeRecord::Optional(_) => {
+        ETypeRecord::OptionalFirst(_) | ETypeRecord::OptionalSecond(_) => {
             unreachable!("because `foo` is a valid field; the question mark is not required")
         }