Design Provable Derivation Pipeline

[frisitano]

Overview

We must design the different stages that will be required in the provable derivation pipeline. In the first instance, it is fine to define these stages in human language but as we converge on a final design we should define some initial traits that define the interfaces for the stages that will be implemented using kona.

[Thegaram]

I think we can also start by adopting the current L1 follower node logic (ref scroll-tech/go-ethereum#1098) with suitable interface definitions. Then it will be fairly easy to upgrade this into a more sophisticated provable derivation pipeline.