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使用MATLAB调用摄像头并拍照—详细代码.html
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使用MATLAB调用摄像头并拍照—详细代码
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<p>大家也可以加我的交流群，所有资料我会在群里分享出来哦：977947271<br>2020/5/30：</p>
</blockquote>
<p>今天给大家介绍一下我第一次使用matlab进行摄像头拍照并进行图像处理的过程</p>
<p>下面是个简单的GUI：</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200219115644543.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzQ1NTA0MTE5,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
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<p>虽然不使用GUI也可以实现这种功能，不过我建议初学者最好使用GUI来控制程序，之后有时间我会发布不使用GUI来实现这种功能的博文。</p>
<p>GUI界面的建立这里就不多说了。</p>
<p>这个GUI是由一个坐标轴和四个按钮组成，按钮分别是“打开摄像头”，“拍照并保存”，“关闭摄像头”，“图像处理”，对应代码中的pushbutton1/2/3/4。</p>
<p>目的是先打开摄像头，再拍摄照片到电脑中，最后调用图片去进行处理。</p>
<p>下面介绍代码：<br>这里是 pushbutton1 的callback</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">varargout{<span class="number">1</span>} = handles.output;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">global</span> vid</span><br><span class="line">%定义一个全局变量，<span class="keyword">global</span>的用法可以参照我的另一篇博文</span><br><span class="line">vid = videoinput(<span class="string">'winvideo'</span>,<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="string">'YUY2_640x480'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">%winvideo函数可参照另一篇文章中imaqhwinfo的用法</span><br><span class="line">set(vid,<span class="string">'FramesPerTrigger'</span>,<span class="number">1</span>);</span><br><span class="line">%用特定的帧数去显示视频</span><br><span class="line">set(vid,<span class="string">'TriggerRepeat'</span>,Inf);</span><br><span class="line">vidRes = get(vid,<span class="string">'VideoResolution'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">%二维数组，获取视频长宽</span><br><span class="line">nBands = get(ojb,<span class="string">'NumberOfBands'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">%获得图像的颜色层数</span><br><span class="line">axes(handles.axes1);</span><br><span class="line">%让视频显示在指定的axes1坐标中</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">global</span> hImage</span><br><span class="line">%定义全局变量hImage</span><br><span class="line">hImage = image(zeros(vidRes(<span class="number">2</span>),vidRes(<span class="number">1</span>),nBands));</span><br><span class="line">%获得图像的句柄</span><br><span class="line">preview（vid,hImage）;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>点开“打开摄像头后”在 axes1 中就可看到拍摄的画面</p>
<p>接下来介绍图片的保存：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">global</span> vid;</span><br><span class="line">frame = getsnapshot(vid);</span><br><span class="line">%摄像头每一帧的画面</span><br><span class="line">frame = ycbcr2rgb(frame);</span><br><span class="line">%将捕获的图像转化为RGB格式的图像</span><br><span class="line">[filename,pathname] = uiputfile({<span class="string">'*.bmp'</span>,<span class="string">'BMP files'</span>:<span class="string">'*.jpg'</span>,<span class="string">'JPG files'</span>}<span class="string">'格式'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">%照片名称与储存路径</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> isequal(filename,<span class="number">0</span>) || isequal(pathname,<span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line">%文件名与路径是否被占用</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span> </span><br><span class="line"> fpath = fullfile(pathname,filename);</span><br><span class="line">end</span><br><span class="line">imwrite(frame,fpath);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>其实这种操作的逻辑对于matlab 的GUI来说，都可以比较简便的解决</p>
<p>关闭摄像头：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">%很简单，在callback中写入一个函数即可</span><br><span class="line">close（findobj(<span class="string">'gca'</span>,<span class="string">'figure_csdn'</span>)）;</span><br><span class="line">%findobj(<span class="string">'PropertyName'</span>,<span class="string">'PropertyValue'</span>,...)</span><br><span class="line">返回figure的句柄</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>对于想要对图像进行处理的话：</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">%就需要在callback中写入读取上图保存的图片的代码</span><br><span class="line">x = imread(<span class="string">'name.jpg'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">imshow(x);</span><br><span class="line">%在进行相应的处理程序</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>因为 gui 的代码冗长且很多地方无用，就无法将代码全部贴出来，但是对于有些基础的是可以看懂的，所有代码都放在相应的cb中进行。</p>
<p>之后会发出更复杂的定时拍照的程序 gui，希望有技术大佬可以帮助指点错误与不足。</p>
<p>如果有需要这篇文章中源码和 gui 的可以私信我。</p>
<p>欢迎大家指正不足。</p>
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now.setTime(now.getTime()+250);
days = (now - grt ) / 1000 / 60 / 60 / 24; dnum = Math.floor(days);
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if(String(hnum).length ==1 ){hnum = "0" + hnum;} minutes = (now - grt ) / 1000 /60 - (24 * 60 * dnum) - (60 * hnum);
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let pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0];
let $imgArr = document.querySelectorAll(('.article-entry img:not(.reward-img)'))
$imgArr.forEach(($em, i) => {
$em.onclick = () => {
// slider展开状态
// todo: 这样不好，后面改成状态
if (document.querySelector('.left-col.show')) return
let items = []
$imgArr.forEach(($em2, i2) => {
let img = $em2.getAttribute('data-idx', i2)
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// 获得原图尺寸
const image = new Image()
image.src = src
items.push({
src: src,
w: image.width || $em2.width,
h: image.height || $em2.height,
title: title
})
})
var gallery = new PhotoSwipe(pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default, items, {
index: parseInt(i)
});
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var copyHtml = '';
copyHtml += '<button class="btn-copy" data-clipboard-snippet="">';
copyHtml += '<i class="ri-file-copy-2-line"></i><span>COPY</span>';
copyHtml += '</button>';
$(".highlight .code pre").before(copyHtml);
$(".article pre code").before(copyHtml);
var clipboard = new ClipboardJS('.btn-copy', {
target: function(trigger) {
return trigger.nextElementSibling;
}
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let $btn = $(e.trigger);
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$icon.addClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
$span[0].innerText = 'COPIED';
wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
$icon.removeClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
}, 2000);
});
clipboard.on('error', function(e) {
e.clearSelection();
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$btn.addClass('copy-failed');
let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
$icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-time-line');
let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
$span[0].innerText = 'COPY FAILED';
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$icon.removeClass('ri-time-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
}, 2000);
});
}
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