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Python学习笔记_5：字符串格式化符号及进制转换
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<span class="post-meta-item-text"> 字数统计:</span>
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<p>介绍下经常用得到的格式化字符</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">%c ：格式化字符及其ASCII码</span><br><span class="line">%s ：格式化字符串</span><br><span class="line">%d ：格式化整数</span><br><span class="line">%f ：可指定小数点精度</span><br><span class="line">%e ：用科学计数法表示小数</span><br><span class="line">%g ：根据值的的具体情况使用%f或%e</span><br><span class="line">%o ：八进制</span><br><span class="line">%x ：十六进制</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<p>简单的进制转换：<br>1、十六进制转换</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">>>> </span>I = input(<span class="string">'请输入一个数'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">>>> </span>I = int(I)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">>>> </span>print(<span class="string">'%x'</span> %I)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>2、八进制转换</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">I = input(<span class="string">'请输入一个数'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">I = int(I)</span><br><span class="line">print(<span class="string">'%o'</span> %I)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>3、二进制转换</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">%%% python 中的二进制可以直接用 bin() 函数处理</span><br><span class="line">I = input(<span class="string">'请输入一个数'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">I = int(I)</span><br><span class="line">print(bin(I))</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<ul class="nav">
<li class="nav-item">
<a class="nav-item-link nav-item-search" title="搜索">
<i class="ri-search-line"></i>
</a>
<a class="nav-item-link" target="_blank" href="/atom.xml" title="RSS Feed">
<i class="ri-rss-line"></i>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div class="search-form-wrap">
<div class="local-search local-search-plugin">
<input type="search" id="local-search-input" class="local-search-input" placeholder="Search...">
<div id="local-search-result" class="local-search-result"></div>
</div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="//rf.revolvermaps.com/0/0/8.js?i=5uyif1eoo9j&m=0&c=ff0000&cr1=ffffff&f=arial&l=33&s=341&bv=85" async="async"></script>
</aside>
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<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/FunnyTitle.js"></script>
<script>
if (window.matchMedia("(max-width: 768px)").matches) {
document.querySelector('.content').classList.remove('on');
document.querySelector('.sidebar').classList.remove('on');
}
</script>
<div id="mask"></div>
<!-- #reward -->
<div id="reward">
<span class="close"><i class="ri-close-line"></i></span>
<p class="reward-p"><i class="ri-cup-line"></i></p>
<div class="reward-box">
</div>
</div>
<script src="/js/jquery-2.0.3.min.js"></script>
<script src="/js/lazyload.min.js"></script>
<!-- Subtitle -->
<script>
try {
var typed = new Typed("#subtitle", {
strings: ['夜深了', '是否明天会悄然忘记', '夜却深了'],
startDelay: 0,
typeSpeed: 400,
loop: true,
backSpeed: 150,
showCursor: true
});
} catch (err) {
console.log(err)
}
</script>
<!-- Tocbot -->
<script src="/js/tocbot.min.js"></script>
<script>
tocbot.init({
tocSelector: '.tocbot',
contentSelector: '.article-entry',
headingSelector: 'h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6',
hasInnerContainers: true,
scrollSmooth: true,
scrollContainer: 'main',
positionFixedSelector: '.tocbot',
positionFixedClass: 'is-position-fixed',
fixedSidebarOffset: 'auto'
});
</script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/jquery.modal.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/jquery.modal.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/js/jquery.justifiedGallery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/dist/main.js"></script>
<!-- ImageViewer -->
<!-- Root element of PhotoSwipe. Must have class pswp. -->
<div class="pswp" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true">
<!-- Background of PhotoSwipe.
It's a separate element as animating opacity is faster than rgba(). -->
<div class="pswp__bg"></div>
<!-- Slides wrapper with overflow:hidden. -->
<div class="pswp__scroll-wrap">
<!-- Container that holds slides.
PhotoSwipe keeps only 3 of them in the DOM to save memory.
Don't modify these 3 pswp__item elements, data is added later on. -->
<div class="pswp__container">
<div class="pswp__item"></div>
<div class="pswp__item"></div>
<div class="pswp__item"></div>
</div>
<!-- Default (PhotoSwipeUI_Default) interface on top of sliding area. Can be changed. -->
<div class="pswp__ui pswp__ui--hidden">
<div class="pswp__top-bar">
<!-- Controls are self-explanatory. Order can be changed. -->
<div class="pswp__counter"></div>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--close" title="Close (Esc)"></button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--share" style="display:none" title="Share"></button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--fs" title="Toggle fullscreen"></button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--zoom" title="Zoom in/out"></button>
<!-- Preloader demo http://codepen.io/dimsemenov/pen/yyBWoR -->
<!-- element will get class pswp__preloader--active when preloader is running -->
<div class="pswp__preloader">
<div class="pswp__preloader__icn">
<div class="pswp__preloader__cut">
<div class="pswp__preloader__donut"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pswp__share-modal pswp__share-modal--hidden pswp__single-tap">
<div class="pswp__share-tooltip"></div>
</div>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--left" title="Previous (arrow left)">
</button>
<button class="pswp__button pswp__button--arrow--right" title="Next (arrow right)">
</button>
<div class="pswp__caption">
<div class="pswp__caption__center"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/photoswipe.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/default-skin/default-skin.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/photoswipe.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/photoswipe-ui-default.min.js"></script>
<script>
function viewer_init() {
let pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0];
let $imgArr = document.querySelectorAll(('.article-entry img:not(.reward-img)'))
$imgArr.forEach(($em, i) => {
$em.onclick = () => {
// slider展开状态
// todo: 这样不好，后面改成状态
if (document.querySelector('.left-col.show')) return
let items = []
$imgArr.forEach(($em2, i2) => {
let img = $em2.getAttribute('data-idx', i2)
let src = $em2.getAttribute('data-target') || $em2.getAttribute('src')
let title = $em2.getAttribute('alt')
// 获得原图尺寸
const image = new Image()
image.src = src
items.push({
src: src,
w: image.width || $em2.width,
h: image.height || $em2.height,
title: title
})
})
var gallery = new PhotoSwipe(pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default, items, {
index: parseInt(i)
});
gallery.init()
}
})
}
viewer_init()
</script>
<!-- MathJax -->
<script type="text/x-mathjax-config">
MathJax.Hub.Config({
tex2jax: {
inlineMath: [ ['$','$'], ["\\(","\\)"] ],
processEscapes: true,
skipTags: ['script', 'noscript', 'style', 'textarea', 'pre', 'code']
}
});
MathJax.Hub.Queue(function() {
var all = MathJax.Hub.getAllJax(), i;
for(i=0; i < all.length; i += 1) {
all[i].SourceElement().parentNode.className += ' has-jax';
}
});
</script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/unpacked/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<script>
var ayerConfig = {
mathjax: true
}
</script>
<!-- Katex -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/katex.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/katex.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/dist/contrib/auto-render.min.js"></script>
<!-- busuanzi -->
<script src="/js/busuanzi-2.3.pure.min.js"></script>
<!-- ClickLove -->
<script src="/js/clickLove.js"></script>
<!-- ClickBoom -->
<script src="/js/clickBoom.js"></script>
<!-- CodeCopy -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/clipboard.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/clipboard@2/dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script>
function wait(callback, seconds) {
var timelag = null;
timelag = window.setTimeout(callback, seconds);
}
!function (e, t, a) {
var initCopyCode = function(){
var copyHtml = '';
copyHtml += '<button class="btn-copy" data-clipboard-snippet="">';
copyHtml += '<i class="ri-file-copy-2-line"></i><span>COPY</span>';
copyHtml += '</button>';
$(".highlight .code pre").before(copyHtml);
$(".article pre code").before(copyHtml);
var clipboard = new ClipboardJS('.btn-copy', {
target: function(trigger) {
return trigger.nextElementSibling;
}
});
clipboard.on('success', function(e) {
let $btn = $(e.trigger);
$btn.addClass('copied');
let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
$icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
$span[0].innerText = 'COPIED';
wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
$icon.removeClass('ri-checkbox-circle-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
}, 2000);
});
clipboard.on('error', function(e) {
e.clearSelection();
let $btn = $(e.trigger);
$btn.addClass('copy-failed');
let $icon = $($btn.find('i'));
$icon.removeClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-time-line');
let $span = $($btn.find('span'));
$span[0].innerText = 'COPY FAILED';
wait(function () { // 等待两秒钟后恢复
$icon.removeClass('ri-time-line');
$icon.addClass('ri-file-copy-2-line');
$span[0].innerText = 'COPY';
}, 2000);
});
}
initCopyCode();
}(window, document);
</script>
</div>
<script src="/live2dw/lib/L2Dwidget.min.js?094cbace49a39548bed64abff5988b05"></script><script>L2Dwidget.init({"model":{"jsonPath":"/live2dw/assets/haruto.model.json"},"display":{"position":"right","width":260,"height":520},"mobile":{"show":false},"log":false,"pluginJsPath":"lib/","pluginModelPath":"assets/","pluginRootPath":"live2dw/","tagMode":false});</script></body>
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