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off_axis_holography.m
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%% Simple code to simulate phase demodulation with off-axis holography %%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Number of pixels on the CCD
Ax = 256;
Ay = 256;
%% Create the spatial grid
[Xa,Ya] = meshgrid(1:Ax,1:Ay); % for the CCD pixels array
%% Complex image to reconstruct
% we simulate a speckle pattern of grain size ~ grainSize
grainSize = 8;
temp =rand(Ax,Ay)-.5+(rand(Ax,Ay)-.5)*sqrt(-1);
Filter2D = fspecial('gaussian', Ax, Ax/grainSize *1/2.35482);
Es = filter2(Filter2D,temp);
Es = Es./abs(Es);
%% Didplay the target phase mask
figure,imagesc(angle(Es)); title('Complex phase wavefront'); axis square; colormap(hsv); axis off;
%% Generate the reference wavefront
% the term kSinTheta correspond to the spatial frequency of the fringes and has to
% be at least bigger that the maximal spatial frequency of the signal
% we choos here to have 4 periods of fringes in one speckle grain
kSinTheta = 4*2*pi*grainSize/Ax;
E0 = exp(sqrt(-1)*kSinTheta*Xa)*1/4; % reference signal projected on a plane perpendicular to the propagation axis of the signal wavefront
E0 = E0*exp(-sqrt(-1)*pi/4);% the -pi/4 is just to have the same phase reference for the reconstructed image
%% Didplay the reference phase
figure,imagesc(angle(E0)); axis square; colormap(hsv); axis off;
%% Intensity of the intereference pattern
I = abs(E0 + Es).^2;
%% Show the result of the interefences
figure,imagesc(I); colormap(gray); axis off; axis square;
%%%%%%%%% Reconstruction of the signal
%% Fourier transform of the intensity pattern
nb = 3; % if nb = 1 =, no zero padding / nb > 1, add zeros in the Fourier tranform, see the help of fft2
Fh = fftshift(fft2(I,nb*Ax,nb*Ay));
%% Create the vector of the spatial frequencies
Sfreq = (-1/2:1/(nb*Ax):1/2-1/(nb*Ax));
%% Frequency grid
[Sx,Sy] = meshgrid(Sfreq,Sfreq);
%% Display the absolute value of the Fourier transform
figure,imagesc(Sfreq,Sfreq,abs(Fh)); axis square; caxis([0 5463])
%%%%%%
% Now we want to do a filtering of the spatial frequencies to keep only the
% -1 order
freq = kSinTheta/(2*pi); % center frequency of the first orders
width = freq; % width of the filtering window
%% First create the mask, we want to conseve the spatial frequencies around minus the carrier frequency ('-freq') with a window of size 'width'
Mask1 = (Sx > -freq-width/2).*(Sx < -freq+width/2);
%% We get the field in the Fourier plane after filtering
Fh2 = Fh.*Mask1;
% Display it
figure,imagesc(Sfreq,Sfreq,abs(Fh2)); axis square;
%% We shift the spatial frequencies around zero to remove the effect of the angular tilt due to -1 order
Mask2 = (Sx > -width/2).*(Sx < width/2); % window centered around 0 of width 'width'
I1 = find(Mask1); % gets the indices corresponding to Mask1
I2 = find(Mask2); % gets the indices corresponding to Mask2
Fh3 = zeros(size(Fh));
Fh3(I2) = Fh2(I1); % copy the Fourier tranform at the position of the window centered around 0
% Display it
figure,imagesc(Sfreq,Sfreq,abs(Fh3)); axis square;
%% Get the field after the second length
tempIFT = ifft2(ifftshift(Fh3));
finalField = tempIFT(1:Ax,1:Ay);
%% Display the target phase map and the generated one
figure,
subplot 121
imagesc(angle(Es)); axis square; caxis([-pi pi]); colormap(hsv); axis off; title('Initial phase')
subplot 122
imagesc(angle(finalField)); axis square; caxis([-pi pi]); colormap(hsv); axis off; title('Reconstructed phase')