We provide the Matlab Runtime built on a Debian 9.
You can use it in other Dockerfile as follow :
# For a Java project
FROM thewykiki/matlab:r2017b-debian-9 as matlab
FROM openjdk:10-jre
COPY --from=matlab /opt/mcr /opt/mcr
ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH /opt/mcr/v93/runtime/glnxa64
# Further Dockerfile instructions ...