Refactoring and unifying various thread-related code

[PeterTh]

This refactoring PR performs 2 main tasks:

• Introduce a single source of truth for thread names, and a unified interface to both name and (if enabled and required) pin threads
• Also unify this with tracy thread ordering, so that there is only a single interface for all of it, and it takes a named_threads enum entry as its parameter

There are no functional changes, test coverage is slightly extended.

Note that the implementation of how the try/catch block in threads is designed and what happens in response to exceptions had already slightly diverged (presumably unintentionally).

Check-perf-impact result (no new file required):
✔️ No significant performance change in the microbenchmark set. You are good to go!

[github-actions]

⚠️ Clang-Tidy found issue(s) with the introduced code (1/2)

[github-actions]

⚠️ Clang-Tidy found issue(s) with the introduced code (2/2)

[coveralls]

Pull Request Test Coverage Report for Build 12012369000

Details

• 59 of 59 (100.0%) changed or added relevant lines in 9 files are covered.
• No unchanged relevant lines lost coverage.
• Overall coverage increased (+0.05%) to 94.972%

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Totals
Change from base Build 12009901531:	0.05%
Covered Lines:	7062
Relevant Lines:	7169

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💛 - Coveralls

[fknorr]

I like the centralized naming!

[psalz]

LGTM!

[github-actions]

Check-perf-impact results: (32e33781a20e2a3976ece8f7dc81ae2b)

❓ No new benchmark data submitted. ❓
Please re-run the microbenchmarks and include the results if your commit could potentially affect performance.

[fknorr]

Mostly LGTM!