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Fixed calculations in test case bohr-atom
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@texadactyl
texadactyl committed Dec 6, 2024
1 parent 68cbdf4 commit c1d6cab
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions HISTORY.md
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Expand Up @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ This file is a version history of jacotest amendments. Entries appear in versio
| `Date` | `Version` | `Contents` |
| :------------: | :---: | :--- |
|<img width=90/>|<img width=60/>|<img width=600/>|
| 2024-12-06 | 3.4.30 | Fixed calculations in test case bohr-atom. |
| 2024-12-04 | 3.4.29 | Updated test case jj-field-static to include more static variable types. |
| 2024-12-03 | 3.4.28 | Updated test case jj-field-static. |
| 2024-12-01 | 3.4.27 | Updated and renamed test case JACOBIN-0626-DumpObject-DumpStatics to jj-field-static. |
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion VERSION.txt
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v3.4.29
v3.4.30
283 changes: 144 additions & 139 deletions tests/bohr-atom/main.java
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import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class main {
// Constants
private static final double Ry = -2.18e-18; // J
private static final double c = 299792458; // m/s
private static final double h = 6.62607015e-34; // J*s

// EMF Table using a List of Object arrays
private static final List<Object[]> EMF_TABLE = new ArrayList<>();

static {
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{30e3, "Radio Very Low Frequency (VLF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{300e3, "Radio Low Frequency (LF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{3000e3, "Radio Medium Frequency (MF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{30e6, "Radio High Frequency (HF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{300e6, "Radio Very High Frequency (VHF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{1e9, "Radio Ultra High Frequency (UHF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{2e9, "Radio NASA Band L"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{4e9, "Radio NASA Band S"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{8e9, "Radio NASA Band C"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{12e9, "Radio NASA Band X"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{18e9, "Radio NASA Band Ku"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{27e9, "Radio NASA Band K"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{40e9, "Radio NASA Band Ka"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{75e9, "Radio NASA Band V"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{110e9, "Radio NASA Band W"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{300e9, "Radio Extremely High Frequency (EHF)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{4e14, "Infrared (IR)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{450e12, "Visible Red"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{508e12, "Visible Orange"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{540e12, "Visible Yellow"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{597e12, "Visible Green"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{610e12, "Visible Cyan"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{666e12, "Visible Blue"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{689e12, "Visible Indigo"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{750e12, "Visible Violet"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{3e16, "Ultraviolet (UV)"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{1e19, "X-ray"});
EMF_TABLE.add(new Object[]{1e21, "Gamma ray"});
}

private static final double RH = -2.18e-18; // RHdberg constant (J)
private static final double c = 299792458.0; // Speed of light (m/s)
private static final double h = 6.62607015e-34; // Planck's constant (J*s)
private static double deltaE(int ni, int nf) {
return Ry * (1.0 / (ni * ni) - 1.0 / (nf * nf));
}

// Define a class to represent an entry in the EMF table
static class EMFEntry {
double frequency;
String description;
private static long newNf(int ni, double energy) {
double denom = (1.0 / (ni * ni)) - (energy / Ry);
return Math.round(ni * Math.sqrt(1.0 / denom));
}

EMFEntry(double frequency, String description) {
this.frequency = frequency;
this.description = description;
private static String getSeries(int ni, int nf, double energy) {
// Validate input
if (ni == nf || ni < 1 || nf < 1) {
return "Invalid transition: ni and nf must be different, and both must be >= 1";
}
}

// Create an array of EMFEntry objects
private static final EMFEntry[] EMF_TABLE = {
new EMFEntry(30e3, "Radio Very Low Frequency (VLF)"),
new EMFEntry(300e3, "Radio Low Frequency (LF)"),
new EMFEntry(3000e3, "Radio Medium Frequency (MF)"),
new EMFEntry(30e6, "Radio High Frequency (HF)"),
new EMFEntry(300e6, "Radio Very High Frequency (VHF)"),
new EMFEntry(1e9, "Radio Ultra High Frequency (UHF)"),
new EMFEntry(2e9, "Radio NASA Band L"),
new EMFEntry(4e9, "Radio NASA Band S"),
new EMFEntry(8e9, "Radio NASA Band C"),
new EMFEntry(12e9, "Radio NASA Band X"),
new EMFEntry(18e9, "Radio NASA Band Ku"),
new EMFEntry(27e9, "Radio NASA Band K"),
new EMFEntry(40e9, "Radio NASA Band Ka"),
new EMFEntry(75e9, "Radio NASA Band V"),
new EMFEntry(110e9, "Radio NASA Band W"),
new EMFEntry(300e9, "Radio Extremely High Frequency (EHF)"),
new EMFEntry(4e14, "Infrared (IR)"),
new EMFEntry(450e12, "Visible Red"),
new EMFEntry(508e12, "Visible Orange"),
new EMFEntry(540e12, "Visible Yellow"),
new EMFEntry(597e12, "Visible Green"),
new EMFEntry(610e12, "Visible Cyan"),
new EMFEntry(666e12, "Visible Blue"),
new EMFEntry(689e12, "Visible Indigo"),
new EMFEntry(750e12, "Visible Violet"),
new EMFEntry(3e16, "Ultraviolet (UV)"),
new EMFEntry(1e19, "X-ray"),
new EMFEntry(1e21, "Gamma ray")
};

public static double deltaE(int ni, int nf) {
return RH * (1.0 / (nf * nf) - 1.0 / (ni * ni));
}
// Determine the hydrogen series based on nf
String seriesName = "";
String transitionType = "";

public static String getSeries(int nf) {
return switch (nf) {
case 1 -> "Liman (UV)";
case 2 -> "Balmer (vis)";
case 3 -> "Paschen (IR)";
case 4 -> "Bracket (Far IR)";
case 5 -> "Pfund (IR)";
case 6 -> "Humphreys (IR)";
default -> "nf>6 (IR)";
};
}
if (ni > nf) {
// Emission: electron falls from ni to nf
transitionType = "Emission";
} else {
// Absorption: electron is excited from ni to nf
transitionType = "Absorption";
}

// ninf2info:
// Input:
// * ni = initial electron shell level
// * nf = final electron shell level
// Return 4 strings:
// * EMR subset name
// * Wavelength in String format
// * Change in energy in String format
// * Series name
public static String[] ninf2info(int ni, int nf) {
double E = deltaE(ni, nf);
String ser = E < 0 ? getSeries(nf) : "n/a";
double freq = Math.abs(E) / h;
double wavelength = c * 1e9 / freq;

for (EMFEntry entry : EMF_TABLE) {
if (freq < entry.frequency) {
return new String[]{entry.description, String.format("%.1f", wavelength), String.format("%.5e", E), ser};
}
// Determine series based on nf
switch (nf) {
case 1:
seriesName = "Lyman (UV)";
break;
case 2:
seriesName = "Balmer (Visible)";
break;
case 3:
seriesName = "Paschen (IR)";
break;
case 4:
seriesName = "Brackett (Far IR)";
break;
case 5:
seriesName = "Pfund (Far IR)";
break;
case 6:
seriesName = "Humphreys (Far IR)";
break;
default:
seriesName = "Unknown Series (nf > 6)";
}
return new String[]{"Gamma", String.format("%.1f", wavelength), String.format("%.5e", E), getSeries(nf)};
}

public static double newNf(int ni, double energy) {
return ni * Math.sqrt(RH / (energy * ni * ni + RH));
// Return the series and transition type
return String.format("%s (%s Transition)", seriesName, transitionType);
}

public static void p1() {
int ni = 4;
int nf = 2;
double E = deltaE(ni, nf);
System.out.printf("1. Energy (J): %e\n", E);
double freq = Math.abs(E) / h;
System.out.printf("Frequency (Hz): %.3e\n", freq);
double wavelength = c / freq;
System.out.printf("Wavelength (nm): %.1f\n\n", wavelength * 1e9);
private static Object[] ninf2info(int ni, int nf) {
double E = deltaE(ni, nf); // Energy in J
String series = getSeries(ni, nf, E);
double freq = Math.abs(E) / h; // Frequency in Hz
double wavelength = c * 1e9 / freq; // Wavelength in nm

for (Object[] row : EMF_TABLE) {
double rowFreq = (double) row[0];
String rowDesc = (String) row[1];
if (freq < rowFreq) {
return new Object[] {rowDesc, wavelength, E, series};
}
}
return new Object[] {"Gamma", wavelength, E, series};
}

public static void p2() {
double wavelength = 1283.45 / 1e9;
int ni = 3;
double freq = c / wavelength;
System.out.printf("2. Frequency (Hz): %.3e\n", freq);
double E = freq * h;
System.out.printf("Energy (J): %e\n", E);
double nf = newNf(ni, E);
System.out.printf("nf: %f\n", nf);
private static void p1() {
System.out.println("\n1. Given ni=4 and nf=2, calculate E gained by the emitted photon, F, and Lambda. Blue light emission.");
int ni = 4, nf = 2;
double E = deltaE(ni, nf); // Energy in J
System.out.println("\tE: " + E);
double freq = Math.abs(E) / h; // Frequency in Hz
System.out.printf("\tF: %.3e\n", freq);
double lambdaNm = (c / freq) * 1e9; // Wavelength in nm
System.out.printf("\tLambda: %.1f\n", lambdaNm);
}

public static void p3() {
System.out.printf("A. %e\n", deltaE(2, 5));
System.out.printf("B. %e\n", deltaE(6, 4));
System.out.printf("C. %e\n", deltaE(1, 7));
System.out.printf("D. %e\n", deltaE(3, 1));
System.out.printf("E. %e\n", deltaE(7, 2));
private static void p2() {
System.out.println("\n2. Calculate the electron energy difference between ni and nf. Electron absorption: photon E < 0, emission: E > 0.");
System.out.println("\t1 to 7 (E loss): " + deltaE(1, 7));
System.out.println("\t2 to 5 (E loss): " + deltaE(2, 5));
System.out.println("\t3 to 1 (E gain): " + deltaE(3, 1));
System.out.println("\t6 to 4 (E gain): " + deltaE(6, 4));
System.out.println("\t7 to 2 (E gain): " + deltaE(7, 2));
}

public static void p4() {
System.out.printf("A. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(5, 3)));
System.out.printf("B. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(5, 1)));
System.out.printf("C. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(4, 2)));
System.out.printf("D. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(6, 4)));
System.out.printf("E. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(7, 5)));
System.out.printf("8 to 6. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(8, 6)));
System.out.printf("11 to 6. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(11, 6)));
System.out.printf("8 to 7. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(8, 7)));
System.out.printf("11 to 7. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(11, 7)));
System.out.printf("11 to 10. %s\n", Arrays.toString(ninf2info(11, 10)));
}

private static void prtNinf2Info(String fmt1, String fmt2, String[] strArray) {
String fmt = fmt1.concat(fmt2);
System.out.printf(fmt, strArray[0], strArray[1], strArray[2], strArray[3]);
private static void p3() {
System.out.println("\n3. Photon emission info after electron collision (band, Lambda, E, series:");
System.out.println("\t5 to 3: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(5, 3))));
System.out.println("\t5 to 1: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(5, 1))));
System.out.println("\t4 to 2: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(4, 2))));
System.out.println("\t6 to 4: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(6, 4))));
System.out.println("\t7 to 5: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(7, 5))));
System.out.println("\t7 to 1: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(7, 1))));
}

public static void p5() {
String fmt = "%s, wl=%snm, E=%sJ, Series=%s\n";
prtNinf2Info("3 >> 2: ", fmt, ninf2info(3, 2));
prtNinf2Info("4 >> 2: ", fmt, ninf2info(4, 2));
prtNinf2Info("5 >> 2: ", fmt, ninf2info(5, 2));
prtNinf2Info("6 >> 2: ", fmt, ninf2info(6, 2));
prtNinf2Info("2 >> 3: ", fmt, ninf2info(2, 3));
prtNinf2Info("2 >> 4: ", fmt, ninf2info(2, 4));
prtNinf2Info("2 >> 5: ", fmt, ninf2info(2, 5));
prtNinf2Info("2 >> 6: ", fmt, ninf2info(2, 6));
private static void p4() {
System.out.println("\n4. Photon absorption info after electron collision (band, Lambda, E, series:");
System.out.println("\t3 to 5: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(3, 5))));
System.out.println("\t1 to 5: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(1, 5))));
System.out.println("\t2 to 4: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(2, 4))));
System.out.println("\t4 to 6: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(4, 6))));
System.out.println("\t5 to 7: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(5, 7))));
System.out.println("\t1 to 7: " + String.join(", ", toStringArray(ninf2info(1, 7))));
}

public static void p6() {
String fmt = "%s, wl=%snm, E=%sJ, Series=%s\n";
prtNinf2Info("4 >> 3: ", fmt, ninf2info(4, 3));
prtNinf2Info("5 >> 3: ", fmt, ninf2info(5, 3));
prtNinf2Info("6 >> 3: ", fmt, ninf2info(6, 3));

private static String[] toStringArray(Object[] array) {
String[] result = new String[array.length];
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
result[i] = array[i].toString();
}
return result;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("In the upcoming exercises, the following symbols are used in reporting:");
System.out.println("ni - initial electron energy level");
System.out.println("nf - final electron energy level");
System.out.println("E - energy in joules");
System.out.println("F - frequency in Hz");
System.out.println("Lambda - wavelength in nm");
p1();
p2();
p3();
p4();
p5();
p6();
}
}

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